| Coal |
| What Coal is? |
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Coal is formed from vegetation which has been consolidated between
other rock strata and altered by the combined effects of pressure and heat
over millions of years to form coal seams. Coal is a fossil fuel and is far
more plentiful than oil or gas with around 150 years of coal remaining
worldwide.
Coal is an essential fossil fuel for steel and cements production
and other industrial activities as well as provides electricity. Coal is a
combustible, sedimentary, organic rock which is composed mainly of carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen.
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| Specification |
| S.No | Parameter | Basis Unit | Guranteed Rejection |
| 1 | Gross Calorific Value ADB | Kcal/Kg | 5300/5100 |
| 2 | Total Moisture ARB | % | 36>38 |
| 3 | Inherent Moisture ADB | % | 14 approx. |
| 4 | Ash Content ADB | % | 6>8 |
| 5 | Volatile Matter ADB | % | 43 |
| 6 | Fixed Carbon ADB | % | By Difference |
| 7 | Total Sulphur | % | 0.3>0.6 |
| 8 | Size | %
% | 90
10 |
| 9 | Hard Grove Index HGI | Index | 60 |
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| Coal We Offer |
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Coking/Met Coal
The Coking coal is used as a fuel and a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in a blast furnace in
the manufacture of steel , where carbon must be as volatile-free and ash-free as possible. Coking
coal is best if it has a very narrow range of volatility and plasticity. |
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| Sub-Bituminous Coal
Sub-bituminous coal is a type of coal whose properties range from those of lignite to those of bituminous
coal and is used primarily as fuel for steam-electric power generation .
The heat content of sub-bituminous coal ranges from 17 to 24 Btu/ short ton
(20 to 28 MJ/kg) on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of
sub-bituminous coal consumed in the United States averages 17 to 18 million
Btu/ short ton (20 to 21 MJ/kg), on the as-received basis.
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Steam Coal
Are graded according to vitrinite reflectance, moisture content, volatile content,
plasticity and ash content. It is suitable for use in producing steam, as in a steam-boiler.
Generally, the highest value steam coals are those which have a specific grade of plasticity ,
volatility and low ash content, especially with low carbonate , phosphorus and sulfur.
The carbon content of steam coal is around 60-80%. The heat content of steam coal ranges
from 21 million to 30 million Btu/ton (24 to 35 MJ/kg) on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis.
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| Coal Market |
Coal is traded all over the world, with coal shipped huge distances by sea to reach markets.
Over the last twenty years:
- Seaborne trade in steam coal has increased on average by about 7% each year.
- Seaborne coking coal trade has increased by 1.6% a year.
Overall international trade in coal reached 937Mt in 2008; while this is a significant amount of coal, it still only accounts for about 16% of total coal consumed. Most coal is used in the country in which it is produced.
Australia is the world's largest coal exporter. It exported over 252Mt of hard coal in 2008, out of its total production of 325Mt. International coking coal trade is limited. Australia is also the largest supplier of coking coal, accounting for 53% of world exports. The USA and Canada are significant exporters and China is emerging as an important supplier.
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